Step-By-Step Instructions On How To Create An SPF
Record For Better Email Authentication

The Sender Policy Framework (SPF) serves as a vital tool for email authentication, aimed at stopping spammers from masquerading as your domain when sending messages. Domain administrators can establish SPF records to designate the specific mail servers permitted to dispatch emails on their behalf. This not only mitigates the likelihood of phishing attempts but also boosts the chances of successful email delivery. 

Crafting an accurate SPF record is fundamental for strengthening email security and preserving the integrity of your domain's reputation. In this article, we present a detailed guide on creating an SPF record to enhance your email authentication efforts.



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What is an SPF Record?


An SPF record functions as a specific category of DNS (Domain Name System) entry that identifies which mail servers are authorized to send emails for a given domain. It is formatted as a TXT record and establishes guidelines that email servers reference when validating incoming emails. When an email comes from a recognized IP address or domain, it successfully meets the SPF criteria. If not, it fails the check, warning recipients that the email might be suspicious.


Why is Creating an SPF Record Important?


Establishing an SPF record is essential for several key reasons:

  • Mitigating Domain Spoofing: By designating authorized servers to send emails for your domain, you minimize the chances of unauthorized users taking advantage of your domain name.

  • Enhancing Email Delivery Rates: When recipient servers can confirm the legitimacy of your messages via SPF, it decreases the likelihood of your emails being marked as spam.

  • Fortifying Email Verification: SPF plays a crucial role in a comprehensive email authentication framework, working alongside additional techniques such as DKIM and DMARC.


How to Create an SPF Record


Step 1: Identify All Sending Sources

Begin by creating a comprehensive list of all valid servers that have permission to send emails for your domain. This should encompass your organization's mail servers, external email marketing platforms, and providers of transactional emails. Keeping a detailed record of these sources guarantees that your SPF record is both precise and thorough.


Step 2: Format Your SPF Record

An SPF record is set up as a TXT record in your DNS configuration. It starts with "v=spf1," which indicates the version of SPF being utilized. Following that, you should list all the permitted IP addresses or domains. For instance:

v=spf1 ip4:192.168.0.1 ip4:198.51.100.0/24 include:mail.example.com -all

Here's what each part means:

  • v=spf1: Indicates the SPF version.

  • ip4 / ip6: Specifies the allowed IP addresses or ranges.

  • include: Permits other domains to send emails on your behalf.

  • -all: A strict fail policy that signifies only the servers listed are authorized.


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Step 3: Publish Your SPF Record in DNS

After ensuring that your SPF record is properly formatted, access your DNS management system. Create a new TXT record for your domain and insert your SPF entry into the value section. Save your changes and wait for the DNS propagation to complete.


Step 4: Test Your SPF Record

Verifying your SPF record is essential to confirm its proper functionality. Utilize SPF checker tools to check the syntax and ensure that your email sources are correctly included. Some widely used tools for this purpose are MXToolbox and SPF Record Checker.


Step 5: Monitor and Maintain Your SPF Record

As your email system develops, make sure to revise your SPF record by adding new sending domains and eliminating those that are no longer in use. Consistently reviewing your SPF record is essential for ensuring effective email delivery and safeguarding against phishing threats. Peruse this webpage for additional insights.


Best Practices for SPF Records


  • Maintain a Brief Record: To prevent surpassing DNS query thresholds, limit the number of lookups.

  • Opt for ‘-all’ Over ‘~all’: If you want stricter policy enforcement, choose “-all” instead of “~all,” unless there's a specific need for soft failures.

  • Frequently Review Your SPF Record: Keep it current as your sending sources evolve.